Theories of Indicators
Two theories have been proposed to explain the change of colour of acid-base indicators with a change in …
Acid Base Indicators
An auxiliary substance which helps in the usual detection of the completion of the titration or equivalence point …
What is the common ion effect?
The common ion effect is an application of the Le-Chateliers principle (1884) which states as: “If a change …
Lewis Theory of Acids and Bases
All amphiprotic substances are also amphoteric, but the reverse is not true. There are amphoteric substances that do not …
The Arrhenius Theory of Acids and Bases
Svante Arrhenius in 1887 proposed the first theory describing acids and bases. According to this theory. An acid …
Definition of Acid Base Titration
In acid-base titration, acids, and bases react with each other in a process called neutralization to form salt …
Limit Test for Arsenic IP
Principle: The limit test for arsenic is based on reducing the arsenic in the arsenious state to the …
Limit Test for Heavy Metal IP
Principle: The limit test for heavy metals is designed to determine the content of metallic impurities that are …
Limit Test for Lead IP
There are two methods for limit test for lead which are as follows: (A) METHOD (I.P. 2007) Principle: …
Limit Test for Iron IP
Principle of Limit Test for Iron IP The limit test for iron is based on the formation of …