Research In Biostatistics - Solution Parmacy

Research is defined as careful consideration of study regarding a particular concern or problem using scientific methods.

Research is also defined as a systematic inquiry to describe, explain, predict, and control the observed phenomenon.

It involves inductive and deductive methods.

Inductive research methods analyze an observed event, and approaches are associated with qualitative research.
Deductive methods verify the observed event and are more commonly associated with quantitative analysis.

Table of Contents

As the name suggests, researchers conduct exploratory studies to explore a group of questions.
The answers and analytics may not offer a conclusion to the perceived problem.
It is undertaken to handle new problem areas that haven’t been explored before.
This exploratory process lays the foundation for more conclusive data collection and analysis.

It focuses on expanding knowledge on current issues through a process of data collection.
Descriptive research describes the behavior of a sample population.
Only one variable is required to conduct the study.
The three primary purposes of descriptive studies are describing, explaining, and validating the findings.
For example, a study was conducted to know if top-level management leaders in the 21st century possess the moral right to receive a considerable sum of money from the company’s profit.

Causal or explanatory research is conducted to understand the impact of specific changes in existing standard procedures.
Running experiments is the most popular form.
For example, a study that is conducted to understand the effect of rebranding on customer loyalty.

Good research follows a systematic approach to capture accurate data.
Researchers need to practice ethics and a code of conduct while making observations or drawing conclusions.
The analysis is based on logical reasoning and involves both inductive and deductive methods.
Real-time data and knowledge is derived from actual observations in natural settings.
There is an in-depth analysis of all data collected so that there are no anomalies associated with it.
It creates a path for generating new questions.
Existing data helps create more research opportunities.
It is analytical and uses all the available data so that there is no ambiguity in inference.
Accuracy is one of the most critical aspects of research.
The information must be accurate and correct.
For example, laboratories provide a controlled environment to collect data. Accuracy is measured in the instruments used, the calibrations of instruments or tools, and the experiment’s final result.

Observations and formation of the topic

Consists of the subject area of one’s interest and following that subject area to conduct subject-related research.
The subject area should not be randomly chosen since it requires reading a vast amount of literature on the topic to determine the gap in the literature the researcher intends to narrow.
A keen interest in the chosen subject area is advisable.
The research will have to be justified by linking its importance to already existing knowledge about the topic.

Hypothesis

A testable prediction that designates the relationship between two or more variables.

Conceptual definition

Operational definition

Details in regards to defining the variables and how they will be measured/assessed in the study.

Gathering of data

Consists of identifying a population and selecting samples, gathering information from or about these samples by using specific research instruments.
The instruments used for data collection must be valid and reliable.

Analysis of data

Data Interpretation

This can be represented through tables, figures, and pictures, and then described in words.

Test, revising of hypothesis

Conclusion, reiteration if necessary

Introduction to Research: Need for research, Need for the design of Experiments. Experiential Design Technique, plagiarism.

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